Selasa, 05 Mei 2009
Main Battle Tank AMX - 32
Entered service in -
Crew ;4
Dimensions and weight
Total weight in combat order ;40 t
Overall length ;9 450 mm
Chassis length ;6 590 mm
Overall width ; 240 mm
Overall height ;2 290 mm
Armament
Main gun ;CN-105 F-1 105-mm Rifled Gun / Rh-V-120 120-mm Smoothbore Gun
Machine gun ;1 x 7.62-mm, 1 x 20-mm automatic gun M-693
Traverse range ;360 degrees
Combat load
Main gun ;47 / 38 rounds
Machine gun ;2160 x 7.62-mm, 480 x 20-mm cartridges
Mobility
Engine power ;720 hp.
Maximum road speed ;65 km/h
Autonomy on roads ;530 km
Maneuverability
Slope ;60°
Vertical step ;0.9 m
Ditch ;2.9 m
Ford unprepared ;1.3 m
Ford with preparation ;4 m
The AMX-32 Main Battle Tank is a further development of the AMX-30 Main Battle Tank. Development of this tank began in 1975 and first test example was shown in 1982. This main battle tank was intended for export. There is no information on it's serial production.
The main differences of the AMX-32 comparing with the AMX-30 are in improved armored protection and fire control system.
It's frontal armor is multi-layered, combined. One more difference is welded turret. Developers claim that frontal armor ensures protection from armor-piercing projectiles up to 100 mm caliber. Hull boards and chassis feature anti-cumulative side screens.
The main armament is 105-mm gun similar to the AMX-30 Main Battle Tank or new smoothbore 120-mm gun. The 105-mm gun fires all AMX-30 ammunition. It's combat load consists from 47 rounds. The 120-mm gun fires ammunition designed for German Rh-V-120 Gun, by "Rheinmetall". Fired from this gun armor-piercing undercaliber projectiles feature initial speed in 1 630 m/s. Combat load consists from 38 rounds and 17 of them are placed in the turret, and 21 at the front side of the hull near the driver.
Electro-hydraulic mechanisms, designed by "SAMM" company rotate turret and incline the main gun in elevation.
The main differences of the AMX-32 comparing with the AMX-30 are in improved armored protection and fire control system.
It's frontal armor is multi-layered, combined. One more difference is welded turret. Developers claim that frontal armor ensures protection from armor-piercing projectiles up to 100 mm caliber. Hull boards and chassis feature anti-cumulative side screens.
The main armament is 105-mm gun similar to the AMX-30 Main Battle Tank or new smoothbore 120-mm gun. The 105-mm gun fires all AMX-30 ammunition. It's combat load consists from 47 rounds. The 120-mm gun fires ammunition designed for German Rh-V-120 Gun, by "Rheinmetall". Fired from this gun armor-piercing undercaliber projectiles feature initial speed in 1 630 m/s. Combat load consists from 38 rounds and 17 of them are placed in the turret, and 21 at the front side of the hull near the driver.
Electro-hydraulic mechanisms, designed by "SAMM" company rotate turret and incline the main gun in elevation.
One of the AMX-32 disadvantages is an absence of the main gun stabilization systems. Partially this disadvantage is recovered by usage of a hydro-stabilized sight.
Referring to some sources, hit probability into stable target at day or night time is 90% in 2 000 meter range.
Additional armament of the AMX-32 consists from the M-693 20-mm Coaxial Automatic Gun, mounted on the turret, left from the main gun. Furthermore commander operates 7.62-mm machine gun. Six smoke grenade launchers are mounted on the turret for covering tank in the battlefield.
In the engine-transmission compartment there can be mounted HS-110-2 engine similar to the AMX-30 and mechanic transmission, or HS-110-S2 engine, similar to the AMX-30B2, with ENG-200 hydromechanic transmission. The HS-110-S2 features slightly greater power and provides for tank maximum road speed in 65 km/h.
AMX-32 chassis is almost similar to the AMX-30.
Notwithstanding on increased total weight in combat order to 40 tones, what was caused by mounting additional armored protection, tanks cross-country performance is very high. It manages slopes up to 60°, vertical step up to 0.9 meter height, 2.9 meter wide trench
One of the AMX-32 disadvantages is an absence of the main gun stabilization systems. Partially this disadvantage is recovered by usage of a hydro-stabilized sight.
Referring to some sources, hit probability into stable target at day or night time is 90% in 2 000 meter range.
Additional armament of the AMX-32 consists from the M-693 20-mm Coaxial Automatic Gun, mounted on the turret, left from the main gun. Furthermore commander operates 7.62-mm machine gun. Six smoke grenade launchers are mounted on the turret for covering tank in the battlefield.
In the engine-transmission compartment there can be mounted HS-110-2 engine similar to the AMX-30 and mechanic transmission, or HS-110-S2 engine, similar to the AMX-30B2, with ENG-200 hydromechanic transmission. The HS-110-S2 features slightly greater power and provides for tank maximum road speed in 65 km/h.
AMX-32 chassis is almost similar to the AMX-30.
Notwithstanding on increased total weight in combat order to 40 tones, what was caused by mounting additional armored protection, tanks cross-country performance is very high. It manages slopes up to 60°, vertical step up to 0.9 meter height, 2.9 meter wide trench
Selengkapnya...
Main Battle Tank AMX - 30
Crew : 4
Dimensions and weight
Total weight in combat order ;36 t
Overall length ; 9500 mm
Chassis length ; 6600 mm
Overall width ;100 mm
Overall height ; 2800 mm
Armament
Main gun ;105-mm rifled gun CN-105 F-1
Barrels length ;56 calibers
Machine gun ;1 x 7.62-mm, 1 x 12.7-mm / 1 x 20-mm automatic gun
Traverse range ;360 degrees
Combat load
Main gun ;47 rounds
Machine gun ;2050 x 7.62, 1050 x 12.7 cartridges
Projectiles initial speed 1000 m/s
Mobility
Engine power ; 720 h.p.
Maximum road speed ;65 km/h
Autonomy on roads ; 650 km
Maneuverability
Slope ; 30 °
Vertical step ; 0.93 m
Ditch ;2.9 m
Ford unprepared ;2 m
Ford with preparation ;4 m
Selengkapnya...
Main Battle Tank Type 99 (China)
Entered service in 2000
Crew 3
Dimensions and weight:
Total weight in combat order ;54 t
Overall length ; 11 000 mm
Chassis length ;?
Width ;3 400 mm
Height ; 2 200 mm
Armament
Main gun ; 125-mm smoothbore gun
Machine guns ;1 x 12.7-mm, 1 x 7.62-mm
Combat load
Main gun ;?
Machine guns ; ?
Mobility
Engine ;Diesel
Engine power ;1 500 hp
Maximum road speed ; 80 km/h
Maximum amphibious speed on water km/h
Autonomy on roads ;450 - 600 km
Maneuverability
Ford ;?
Ford with preparation ;5
The Chinese Type 99 main battle tank is a further development of the Type 98 MBT. It's prototype was previously known as the ZTZ-99. It is a third generation indigenous Chinese design, which was first publicly shown during a military parade in 1999. It's first production batch started in 2000 and this MBT is currently in service with the Chinese army.
The Type 99 shares some similarities with the Soviet T-72 and the German Leopard 2 main battle tanks. Comparing with the Type 98 MBT it has an improved engine and protection. The Type 99 is completed with a Leopard 2A5-style armor on the front of the turret, where armor has a great slopes for added protection.
Tank's main armament is a 125-mm smoothbore gun, fitted with an autoloader. It has a rate of fire in 8 rounds per minute using an autoloader or 2 rpm with manual reload. This gun is a copy or improved variant of the Soviet/Russian tank guns. It is capable of firing Russian 9M119 Refleks (AT-11 Sniper) anti-tank guided missiles through it's barrel as an ordinary round. The AT-11 has an effective range of fire up to 4 000 meters. This missile can also engage low-flying helicopters. China is producing the 9M119 missiles under license obtained in late 1990s.
Additional armament is similar to all Cold War era Soviet main battle tanks. It has a coaxial 7.62-mm and a 12.7-mm anti-aircraft machine guns. It also carries smoke grenade dischargers for visual protection. The Type 99 MBT has an active laser self-defence weapon, which is currently used only by China, but it's usage do not corresponds with an international conventions.
The Type 99 main battle tank is powered by 1 500 hp turbocharged diesel engine. Considering it's relatively light weight and a powerful engine, it's no wonder that this MBT has a maximum road speed in 80 km/h. Even rough cross-country terrain it passes with a speed of 60 km/h. Acceleration form 0 ro 30 km/h takes approximately 12 seconds.
Selengkapnya...
Selasa, 28 April 2009
Medium Tank Type 69 (china)
Crew : 4
Dimensions and weight ;
Total weight in combat order ;37 t
Overall length ; 8657 mm
Chassis length ;6243 mm
Overall width ;3270 mm
Overall height ; 2809 mm
Armament ;
Main gun ; 100-mm rifled gun (smoothbore in early versions)
Machine gun ;2 x 7.62-mm, 1 x 12.7-mm
Traverse range ;360 degrees
Combat load;
Main gun ;34 rounds
Machine gun ;3400 x 7.62-mm, 500 x 12.7-mm cartridges
Mobility
Engine power ;730 h.p.
Maximum road speed ;50 km/h
Autonomy on roads ;440 km
Maneuverability
Slope ;30°
Vertical step ;0.8 m
Ditch ;2.7 m
Ford unprepared ; 1.4 m
Selengkapnya...
Main Battle Tank EE-T1 "Osorio" (Brazil)
Entered service in 1988 -
Crew 4
Dimensions and weight
Total weight in combat order 41 t ~ 43 t
Overall length ? 10 100 mm
Chassis length 7 130 mm
Overall width 3 200 mm
Overall height 2 370 mm
Armament
Main gun 105-mm rifled gun L7A3 120-mm smoothbore gun
Machine guns 2 x 7.62-mm 1 x 7.62-mm, 1 x 12.7-mm
Traverse range 360 degrees
Combat load
Main gun 45 rounds 38 rounds
Machine guns 5 000 cartridges
Mobility
Engine power 1 040 h.p.
Maximum road speed 70 km/h
Autonomy on roads 500 km 550 km
Maneuverability
Slope 30°
Vertical step 1.15 m
Ditch 3 m
Ford (unprepared) 1.2 m
The EE-T1 "Osorio" Main Battle Tank was developed in the middle of 80-ties by "Engensa" - the largest Brazilian weapon developer. Companies technical politics is based on a wide usage of other companies providing military technologies scientific strides. Furthermore if some component production license price is too high, "Engensa" usually buys already produced and completes it's products with such, or offers job for specialists who took part designing one or another product. In this way "Engensa" resolves two main problems: it's production is at a high technology level and it's price is suitable even for a third world countries.
Hull and turret are differentially armored. Rear part is armored with a multi-layer armor which is made with included composite materials and is similar to British "Chobhem" armor. Frontal armor plates are placed with a high inclination level providing better defense.
"Osorio" armament is placed in three-seat turret. As well as EE-T1 is intended not only for Brazilian armored forces, but for export as well, it is produced with two armament variants. EE-T1 intended for Brazilian armored forces is armed with British L7A3 105-mm rifled gun, while export modification EE-T2 is fitted with French 120-mm smoothbore gun. It can be also completed with Soviet/Russian 2A46 125-mm smoothbore gun.
105-mm main gun combat load consists from 45 projectiles including armor-piercing and high-explosion with plastic explosives. Additional armament consists from 7.62-mm machine-gun, coaxially mounted with a main gun, one more 7.62-mm anti-aircraft machine gun is placed placed on the roof in front of gunner's hatch. "Osorio" can be completed with 12.7-mm anti-aircraft machine gun placed in front of the commander's hatch.
Main gun is stabilized in two planes. It's aiming and turret rotation devices are based on electricity. "Osorio" Main Battle Tank is fitted with Belgium commander's SCS-5 and gunner's LRS-5 sights. LRS-5 is combined periscope type sight. It combines optical sight with day and thermo vision night channels, also laser rangefinder and ballistic computer. Commander's sight differs from gunners in absence of laser rangefinder and ballistic computer. It is placed in commanders turret and connected with a main gun. Commander is able to aim and to fire independently from gunner. Tank's commander use 5 periscopes for 360 degree observation.
In 1987 "Engensa" finished EE-T1 export modification's - the EE-T2 Main Battle Tank's tests. The new main battle tank was intended only for export, mostly to the Near and Middle East countries. This modification was not used in Brazilian armored forces. The main difference is that the EE-T2 features 120-mm smoothbore gun instead of 105-mm placed on EE-T1 and improved fire control system.
EE-T2 "Osorio's" 120-mm gun ammunition load consists from 38 projectiles with two type rounds: armor-piercing and multifunction projectile (high-explosion fragmentation). It's fire controll system contains WS 580-10 commander panoramic sight and WS 580-19 gunners periscope sight. Sights are designed by French company "Sfim". Both sights are made with built-in laser rangefinders connected with ballistic computers. Sights viewing range has independent stabilization. One more "Philips" UA-9090 night vision panoramic thermal sight is mounted on the turret. It's view is projected on television screens, placed in front of gunner and commander. "Osorio" EE-T2 has a hit probability into moving target in 2 000 meter range from the first round in more than 80%. Such results were published by French specialists.
EE-T2 secondary armament consists from 7.62-mm coaxial and 12.7-mm anti-aircraft machine guns. Like the EE-T1 it is also fitted with a smoke grenade launchers, placed from both sides of the turret.
Both Main Battle Tanks have the same engine and transmission built in one module. Engines are German 12-cylinder MWM TBD 234 diesels with ZF LSG 3000 transmissions. Engine block is replaced in 30 minutes in field conditions.
Chassis includes 6 bearing and 3 supporting rolls from the each side. Tracks are similar to the "Leopard 2" Main Battle Tank's ones with removable rubber pads. Chassis suspension is hydro pneumatic. First, second and sixth bearing rolls are fitted with spring absorbers. Hull boards and chassis is covered with armored screens providing additional protection from cumulative rounds.
"Osorio" has a good speed and cross-country performance. It reaches 30 km/h in 10 seconds. Main Battle Tank manages 30ยบ slopes, 3 meter wide trenches, 1.15 meter vertical step. It fords 1.2 meter depth water obstacles without preparation.
The Main battle tank is completed with an automatic fire-extinguishing system in combat and engine-transmission compartments. "Osorio" can be additionally fitted with Nuclear Biological Chemical protection system. This system includes air filter and individual masks for crew members, providing cleaned air. There is also ability to place special device signalizing when main battle tank is lightened by a laser beam. It is also fitted with all necessary radio equipment and crew communication devices.
Later on the "Osorio" Main Battle Tank chassis there were based such armored vehicles:
- Self-propelled howitzer fitted with GHN-45 155-mm howitzer;
- Anti-aircraft defense vehicle with coaxial "Oerlicon" automatic guns;
- Armored engineering vehicle;
- Tank - bridge-layer.
There is no information about the "Osorio" EE-T2 serial production, however countries such as Saudi Arabia showed interest to obtain it for their armored forces. Brazilian requirements in EE-T1 is approximately 300 main battle tanks. Selengkapnya...
Postingan
