The Special Forces Command (KOPASSUS), formerly called the Sandi Yudha Forces Command and KOPASSANDHA (which also means Special Forces Command), are trained in intelligence gathering, a variety of special operations techniques, sabotage, and airborne and seaborne landings. Founded on 16 April 1952, KOPASSUS was reorganized and reduced in size in 1985, and by 1992 KOPASSUS forces numbered some 2,500 army personnel identifiable by their distinctive red berets organized into two operational groups and one training group.
By the late 1990s KOPASSUS numbered some 6,000-strong, an increase in the number of troops, but below that of 1985. Headquarters at Cijantung, East Jakarta, KOPASSUS had expanded to five Groups, with Group IV specifically handling intelligence operations along with the KOPASSUS Joint Intelligence Unit [SGI].
Circa year 2001, Kopassus reorganizes its personnels into some 5,000-strong forces. The new organization is as follows:
Group 1 Para Commando (Taktakan, Serang, Banten) with 3 batallions
Group 2 Para Commando (Kandang Menjangan, Kartasura, Solo) with 3 batallions
Group 3 Intelligence (Cijantung, Jakarta)
(1) Para Commando batallions (independent) (Semplak, Bogor)
(1) HQ Detachment (Cijantung, Jakarta)
(1) Unit-81 Anti-Terrorists (Cijantung, Jakarta)
Pusdikpassus / Special Forces Training Center (Batujajar, Bandung)
KOPASSUS is considered to be an elite force that has traditionally emphasized its small size and its quick-strike potential. It has been involved in numerous military actions in response to internal Indonesian unrest. KOPASSUS units were involved in 1981 in freeing the hostages from the "Woyla," the Garuda Airline plane hijacked by followers of Imran, leader of an Islamic splinter movement in West Java. KOPASSUS members climbed Mount Everest in 1997.
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Selasa, 31 Maret 2009
Komando Pasukan Khusus
Introduction to Indonesian Elite Forces
The history of Indonesian special forces units begins when in 1952 Col. Alex Kawilarang, the commander of the 3rd Military District (Siliwangi), established a small commando-qualified unit which later will be known as Kopassus. Following its founding, several other special forces units came into existence. (Several important figures of these special forces are listed in the 'Prominent Figures' section).
Today, the Indonesian Armed Forces (TNI) operates several highly-trained special forces. The army has Kopassus, Kostrad and Raiders; the navy has Marines and Kopaska; the air force has Paskhas; and the police has Brimob.
Within these special forces, there are elite units that are trained to operate mainly as Anti-Terrorist/Counter-Terrorist forces. Kopassus has Sat-81 Gultor, Marines has Denjaka and Yontaifib, Paskhas has Den Bravo-90, and Brimob has Gegana and Detasemen-88.
Kostrad-own Tontaipur and Marines' Yontaifib are elite units that serve different purpose. Tontaipur and Yontaifib are trained to do combat and surveillance operations against enemy combatants. Kopaska also has the same skills as Tontaipur and Yontaifib units, but, in addition to that, Kopaska has been trained since the very beginning to operate as a counter-terrorist unit on or below water.
The elite units of TNI and Indonesian Police all have been qualified as commando units. The basic qualifications of being a commando include combat intelligence, anti-guerilla warfare, jungle warfare, jungle survival, reconnaissance operation, night infiltration, hand-in-hand combat, beach-landing operation, diving, airborne, and long-march. Further qualifications include combat free-fall, advance diving, sniper, mountaineering, computer expert, psychological warfare, and ethnic/foreign languages.
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YON RAIDERS
Batalyon Raiders (Raiders Battalions) were inaugurated on December 22, 2003. The first ten battalions that are Raiders-qualified were formed from eigth Kodam's (Military Territorial Command) assault infantry battalions and two Kostrad's non-airborne infantry battalions.
Each Raiders battalion has a strength of 747 personnels. They receive six-month intensive education and special trainings on modern combat, anti-guerilla, and conventional war. Each battalion is trained to have the combat ability of three regular infantry battalion, like combat ambush and air mobility (i.e. jump from helicopter).
To increase its combat ability, 50 personnel from each battalion will be trained further by Kopassus (Indonesian Army Special Force) on anti-terror and other special combat technique.
The ten new Raiders battalion are:
Yonif Linud 100 Bukit Barisan becomes Yonif 100/Raider Kodam Bukit Barisan;
Yonif 145/Bhakti Nagara becomes Yonif 200/Raider Kodam Sriwijaya;
Yonif 327 becomes Yonif 300/Raider Kodam Siliwangi;
Yonif 401 Banteng Raider becomes Yonif 400/Raider Kodam Diponegoro;
Yonif 507/Sikatan becomes Yonif 500/Raider Kodam Brawijaya;
Yonif Linud 612/Modang becomes Yonif 600/Raider Kodam Tanjungpura;
Yonif Linjud 700 Wira Yudha Sakti becomes Yonif 700/Raider Kodam Wirabuana;
Yonif 741/ Satya Bhakti becomes Yonif 900/Raider Kodam Udayana;
Yonif 323/ Buaya Putih Kostrad becomes Yonif 232/Raider divisi 1 Kostrad;
Yonif 412/Bharata Eka Sakti Kostrad menjadi Yonif 412/Raider divisi 2 Kostrad.
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Minggu, 29 Maret 2009
U.S. TROOP
A U.S. soldier of the 2nd Brigade, 1st Armored Division looks at an Iraqi woman waiting in front of a police station in Baghdad's Sadr City July 9, 2008. Iraq will not accept any security agreement with the United States unless it includes dates for the withdrawal of foreign forces, the government's national security adviser said on Tuesday.
(Reuters)
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SUNNY
A masked Sunni Muslim gunman poses for a picture in the Bab al-Tabbaneh district in the northern Lebanese city of Tripoli. Two people were killed and 41 wounded in overnight clashes between rival sectarian camps in the port city, a security official told AFP. Most Bab al-Tebbaneh residents are Sunni supporters of the government backed by the West and most Arab states, while Jabal Mohsen has a majority which supports the Syrian- and Iranian- backed opposition from the Alawite Muslim sect that is a branch of Shiism.
Sunni Muslim gunmen walk together after clashes in the Bab al-Tabbaneh district in the northern Lebanese city of Tripoli on July 9, 2008.
Sunni Muslim gunmen stands behind sand barricades as one of them points his submachine gun through a hole in a wall during clashes in the Bab al-Tabbaneh neighbourhood of the northern Lebanese city of Tripoli. 
In a handout picture released on the news website of Iran's Revolutionary Guards, four long and medium range missiles rise into the air after being test-fired at an undisclosed location in the Iranian desert on July 9, 2008. Iran today test-fired a missile it said is capable of reaching Israel, angering the United States amid growing fears that the standoff over the contested Iranian nuclear drive could lead to war.
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